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Computer Chapter 1 : Topic 1.7
Computer Architecture and Core Components
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A computer system performs tasks efficiently because different internal components are designed to work together in a coordinated structure. What is this structure commonly called?
Reasoning: Computer architecture defines how CPU, memory, and other components interact within a system.
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Which component of the computer is mainly responsible for executing instructions and controlling overall system operations?
Reasoning: The CPU is the brain of the computer that executes instructions and controls processing.
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The CPU is divided into different units to perform specific tasks efficiently. Which two main sub-units form the CPU?
Reasoning: The CPU consists of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and Control Unit (CU).
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Which part of the CPU performs mathematical calculations and logical decisions?
Reasoning: The ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations like addition and comparison.
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The Control Unit (CU) in a CPU is mainly responsible for which function?
Reasoning: The CU controls and coordinates all CPU activities and data flow.
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Which component temporarily stores data and instructions currently being used by the CPU?
Reasoning: RAM stores data temporarily for quick access during processing.
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What is the main difference between RAM and ROM?
Reasoning: RAM loses data when power is off, while ROM retains data permanently.
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Which type of software directly manages hardware resources and provides a platform for applications?
Reasoning: System software includes the operating system that manages hardware.
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Which of the following is an example of application software?
Reasoning: MS Word is used for document creation, so it is application software.
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The operating system performs which of the following roles?
Reasoning: The OS manages memory, processes, and hardware communication.
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Which term describes the smallest unit of data in a computer system?
Reasoning: A bit is a binary digit (0 or 1), the smallest data unit.
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How many bits are there in one byte?
Reasoning: One byte consists of 8 bits.
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Which number system uses only two digits: 0 and 1?
Reasoning: Binary system uses base-2 with digits 0 and 1.
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Which number system is based on base 10 and commonly used in everyday life?
Reasoning: Decimal uses digits 0-9 and is base-10.
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Which number system uses digits 0-9 and letters A-F?
Reasoning: Hexadecimal is base-16 and includes digits and letters A-F.
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Why is hexadecimal commonly used in computer systems?
Reasoning: Hexadecimal compresses binary values into compact representation.
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Which unit is typically used to measure memory capacity in computers?
Reasoning: Memory is measured in bytes and its multiples (KB, MB, GB).
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Which component stores data permanently even when the computer is turned off?
Reasoning: Hard disk stores data permanently (non-volatile storage).
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What is the main function of cache memory in a computer system?
Reasoning: Cache stores frequently used data for faster CPU access.
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Which unit of CPU stores instructions currently being executed?
Reasoning: Registers temporarily hold instructions and data for processing.
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The CPU communicates with memory and input/output devices using which system?
Reasoning: The bus system transfers data, address, and control signals.
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Which bus carries actual data between CPU and memory?
Reasoning: Data bus carries the real data being processed.
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Which bus specifies the memory location to be accessed?
Reasoning: Address bus carries memory addresses.
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Which bus carries control signals like read and write commands?
Reasoning: Control bus manages operations like read/write timing.
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What is the primary role of application software in a computer system?
Reasoning: Application software helps users perform tasks like writing, browsing, etc.
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Which statement best describes binary data representation?
Reasoning: Binary uses only two symbols: 0 and 1.
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Which component acts as the "brain" of the computer system?
Reasoning: CPU performs all major processing tasks.
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Which of the following best describes the function of ROM?
Reasoning: ROM stores firmware and boot instructions permanently.
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What happens to data stored in RAM when power is switched off?
Reasoning: RAM is volatile and loses data without power.
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Why is the combination of CPU, memory, software, and data essential in computer architecture?
Reasoning: All components must work together for a functional computer system.
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