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Biology Chapter 8 : Topic 5
Structure of Roots and Root Hairs
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The outermost layer of a root is called:
Reasoning: The epidermis is the outer protective layer of the root.
2 / 15
Root hairs are extensions of:
Reasoning: Root hairs arise from epidermal cells to increase absorption surface area.
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The main function of root hairs is to:
Reasoning: Root hairs increase absorption of water and mineral ions from soil.
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Which tissue is found in the center of the root?
Reasoning: The vascular cylinder contains xylem and phloem.
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Xylem in roots is mainly responsible for:
Reasoning: Xylem carries water and dissolved minerals upward.
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Phloem in roots is responsible for:
Reasoning: Phloem transports food (sugars) from leaves.
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The cortex of the root is mainly made of:
Reasoning: Cortex consists of loosely packed parenchyma cells for storage.
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Root hairs increase the efficiency of absorption by:
Reasoning: More surface area allows more water and mineral uptake.
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The movement of water from root hair to xylem occurs through:
Reasoning: Water moves by osmosis through root tissues.
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Which structure is directly in contact with soil particles?
Reasoning: Root hairs extend into the soil and absorb water.
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The vascular bundle in roots consists of:
Reasoning: Xylem and phloem form the conducting tissues.
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Root hairs are important because they:
Reasoning: They greatly increase surface area for absorption.
13 / 15
Which statement about root epidermis is correct?
Reasoning: Epidermal cells form root hairs for absorption.
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The main function of cortex in roots is:
Reasoning: Cortex stores starch and other food materials.
15 / 15
Water absorbed by root hairs ultimately enters:
Reasoning: Xylem transports water upward in the plant.
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