Biology 9th Chap 10 : Topic 1 - Maryam Publications

Biology Chapter 10 : Topic 1

Evolution by Natural Selection

1 / 20

Evolution by natural selection was mainly proposed by:

A) Gregor Mendel

B) Charles Darwin

C) Robert Hooke

D) Louis Pasteur

2 / 20

Natural selection refers to the process in which:

A) Organisms stop competing with each other

B) All organisms change according to their needs

C) Organisms with favorable traits survive and reproduce more successfully

D) Humans control evolution completely

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The main source of variation among individuals of the same species is:

A) Differences in inherited characteristics

B) Similar feeding habits

C) Same environment

D) Same age group

4 / 20

According to natural selection, individuals with advantageous adaptations are more likely to:

A) Survive and produce more offspring

B) Lose their traits

C) Become extinct

D) Stop reproducing

5 / 20

An adaptation is:

A) A disease caused by microorganisms

B) A temporary change during an individual's life

C) An inherited characteristic that improves survival

D) A behavior learned only from humans

6 / 20

Which example best represents natural selection?

A) A bird learning a new song

B) Bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics over generations

C) A plant growing taller because of sunlight

D) A person developing stronger muscles through exercise

7 / 20

In natural selection, the environment acts as a:

A) Producer of mutations

B) Genetic material

C) Source of food only

D) Selective pressure

8 / 20

The phrase “survival of the fittest” means:

A) Organisms best adapted to their environment survive and reproduce

B) Strongest organisms always survive

C) Organisms never change

D) Only large organisms survive

9 / 20

A population evolves when:

A) The frequency of inherited traits changes over generations

B) Organisms move to another place

C) Individual organisms change during their lifetime

D) All organisms become identical

10 / 20

Which condition is necessary for natural selection to occur?

A) Variation exists within a population

B) No variation among organisms

C) All organisms have identical genes

D) Environment never changes

11 / 20

The peppered moth is an example of natural selection because:

A) Darker moths survived better in polluted areas

B) All moths became extinct

C) Moths stopped reproducing

D) Moths changed color because they wanted to

12 / 20

Natural selection acts directly on:

A) Individual organisms' inherited traits

B) DNA molecules only

C) Ecosystems only

D) Rocks and soil

13 / 20

Which statement about mutations is correct?

A) Mutations can create genetic variation

B) Mutations occur only in plants

C) Mutations cannot be inherited

D) All mutations are harmful

14 / 20

If an organism has a trait that increases survival, this trait may become:

A) More common in the population

B) Unrelated to reproduction

C) Less common over generations

D) Completely removed

15 / 20

Which example shows camouflage as an adaptation?

A) A bird flying faster

B) A plant losing leaves

C) A fish eating more food

D) A rabbit having fur color matching its surroundings

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Natural selection does NOT mean that:

A) Organisms develop traits because they need them

B) Environment influences survival

C) Populations change over time

D) Useful traits can become more common

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Which organism would have the highest fitness?

A) An organism unable to survive

B) An organism with no variation

C) An organism that survives and produces many offspring

D) An organism that cannot reproduce

18 / 20

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria develops because:

A) Antibiotics create useful traits immediately

B) Bacteria decide to become resistant

C) All bacteria are naturally identical

D) Resistant bacteria survive and reproduce after antibiotic exposure

19 / 20

Overproduction of offspring contributes to natural selection because:

A) Variation disappears

B) Organisms stop reproducing

C) Competition occurs due to limited resources

D) All offspring always survive

20 / 20

The correct sequence of natural selection is:

A) Selection → Variation → Competition → Extinction

B) Reproduction → Mutation → No competition

C) Variation → Competition → Selection → Reproduction of successful individuals

D) Environment → No variation → Evolution stops

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