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Physics Chapter 9 : Topic 12
Diffraction of Waves
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Diffraction of waves refers to the:
Reasoning: Diffraction is the spreading of waves when they pass through a narrow gap or around an obstacle.
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A ripple tank experiment is commonly used to study:
Reasoning: A ripple tank allows visualization of water waves and their diffraction patterns.
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In a ripple tank, diffraction is most noticeable when the width of the gap is:
Reasoning: Significant diffraction occurs when the gap size is comparable to or smaller than the wavelength.
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Water waves passing through a narrow opening spread out because:
Reasoning: Each point in the gap acts as a source of new wavelets, causing spreading due to interference.
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In a ripple tank experiment, if the gap width is increased while wavelength remains constant, diffraction:
Reasoning: Larger gaps compared with wavelength produce less spreading.
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Maximum diffraction occurs when:
Reasoning: Diffraction is greatest when the opening size is comparable to the wavelength.
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A water wave with wavelength $\mathbf{5\ cm}$ passes through a gap of width $\mathbf{5\ cm}$. The expected effect is:
Reasoning: Gap width is equal to wavelength, producing significant spreading.
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If a gap is much wider than the wavelength of water waves, the waves after passing through the gap will:
Reasoning: Large openings cause negligible diffraction.
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In a ripple tank experiment, the wavelength of waves can be increased by:
Reasoning: Since wave speed is approximately constant, decreasing frequency increases wavelength.
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A student observes strong diffraction through a gap. Which condition is most likely?
Reasoning: Diffraction becomes significant when gap size is comparable to or smaller than wavelength.
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Which observation in a ripple tank proves diffraction has occurred?
Reasoning: Spreading of waves beyond the opening is evidence of diffraction.
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During a diffraction experiment, the frequency of water waves is reduced. The wavelength:
Reasoning: Lower frequency produces longer wavelength, increasing diffraction.
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Diffraction is more easily observed for sound waves than light waves because sound waves have:
Reasoning: Diffraction is significant when obstacle size is comparable to wavelength.
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In a ripple tank, a barrier with a narrow slit produces waves that appear:
Reasoning: A narrow slit behaves like a point source, producing circular wavefronts.
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The spreading of waves through a slit occurs because:
Reasoning: According to wave theory, each point in the opening produces secondary wavelets.
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Which factor does NOT affect the amount of diffraction?
Reasoning: Diffraction depends on wave properties and opening size, not the barrier colour.
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A ripple tank experiment shows nearly straight wavefronts after passing through a gap. This indicates that:
Reasoning: Large gaps produce little diffraction, so wavefronts remain almost unchanged.
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If the wavelength of waves is doubled while gap width remains constant, diffraction will:
Reasoning: Larger wavelength compared with gap width produces greater spreading.
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A ripple tank experiment uses waves of wavelength $\mathbf{2\ cm}$. Which slit width gives maximum diffraction?
Reasoning: Maximum diffraction occurs when slit width is approximately equal to wavelength.
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The main purpose of using a ripple tank is to:
Reasoning: Ripple tanks make water wave patterns visible for studying wave phenomena.
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A wave passes through a slit whose width is much smaller than its wavelength. The wave after the slit will:
Reasoning: Very narrow openings produce strong diffraction.
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If the gap width in a diffraction experiment is increased from $\mathbf{\lambda}$ to $\mathbf{5\lambda}$, the diffraction pattern will:
Reasoning: Increasing the gap relative to wavelength reduces diffraction.
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Which wave property remains unchanged during diffraction?
Reasoning: Diffraction changes direction and spreading but does not change frequency.
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In a ripple tank, reducing water depth can affect:
Reasoning: Water depth affects wave speed, which can change wavelength.
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A student compares two experiments: ● Experiment 1: Gap width $\mathbf{= 1\ cm}$, wavelength $\mathbf{= 5\ cm}$ ● Experiment 2: Gap width $\mathbf{= 10\ cm}$, wavelength $\mathbf{= 5\ cm}$ Which experiment shows greater diffraction?
Reasoning: The gap-to-wavelength ratio is smaller in Experiment $\mathbf{1}$, producing greater diffraction.
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Diffraction provides evidence that waves:
Reasoning: Diffraction demonstrates the wave nature of waves.
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In a ripple tank, increasing the frequency of the vibrator while speed remains constant will:
Reasoning: Higher frequency reduces wavelength, making the gap relatively larger and reducing diffraction.
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A narrow slit in a ripple tank produces a circular wave pattern because:
Reasoning: A small opening acts as a new source of circular waves.
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Which statement correctly compares diffraction and reflection?
Reasoning: Reflection is bouncing of waves, while diffraction is bending and spreading.
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The intensity of diffraction becomes more noticeable when:
Reasoning: Diffraction effects are strongest when wavelength and gap size are similar.
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