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Physics Chapter 8 : Topic 21
Increasing Disorder of Systems
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The tendency of a system to become less orderly with time is related to:
Reasoning: The second law states that natural processes tend to increase disorder (entropy).
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The measure of disorder or randomness in a system is:
Reasoning: Entropy quantifies the degree of disorder in a thermodynamic system.
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A system becoming less orderly means:
Reasoning: Greater disorder corresponds to higher entropy.
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In an isolated system, natural processes generally cause entropy to:
Reasoning: The entropy of an isolated system never decreases according to the second law.
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When a gas expands freely into a larger volume, its disorder:
Reasoning: Particles have more possible positions and arrangements after expansion.
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A gas has more disorder than a liquid because:
Reasoning: Gas molecules have greater freedom of movement and randomness.
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Which statement correctly describes the direction of natural processes?
Reasoning: Natural processes tend toward states with greater randomness.
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When ice melts into water:
Reasoning: Liquid particles are less regularly arranged than solid particles.
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When water evaporates into steam, the disorder:
Reasoning: Gas molecules have much greater freedom than liquid molecules.
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Heating a solid increases disorder because:
Reasoning: Higher temperature increases particle motion and randomness.
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The statement “systems tend to become less orderly over time” means:
Reasoning: Natural irreversible processes increase entropy.
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A broken glass cannot return to its original shape because:
Reasoning: Breaking glass is an irreversible process with increased disorder.
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A system reaches thermal equilibrium because:
Reasoning: Energy distribution becomes more random at equilibrium.
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The arrow of time in thermodynamics is associated with:
Reasoning: Natural processes proceed toward states of higher entropy.
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Which process shows an increase in disorder?
Reasoning: Diffusion spreads molecules randomly throughout the available space.
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Which state of matter is the most ordered?
Reasoning: Solid particles are arranged in a more regular structure.
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Which state has maximum disorder?
Reasoning: Gas particles move randomly with maximum freedom.
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Condensation of steam into water causes:
Reasoning: Particles become more closely arranged in the liquid state.
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Freezing of water decreases entropy because:
Reasoning: Solid structures are more ordered than liquids.
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A crystal structure represents:
Reasoning: Crystal particles are arranged in a regular pattern.
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A natural process cannot reverse itself because:
Reasoning: Reversing an irreversible process would require entropy decrease.
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Mixing two gases increases disorder because:
Reasoning: Mixing increases the number of possible molecular arrangements.
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Which process is irreversible?
Reasoning: Heat naturally flows from hot to cold and increases entropy.
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A perfume spreading throughout a room is an example of:
Reasoning: Diffusion increases randomness of molecules.
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A system in a highly ordered state generally has:
Reasoning: Order corresponds to fewer possible arrangements and lower entropy.
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Why does a clean room naturally become messy if left unattended?
Reasoning: Systems tend toward more probable disordered states.
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Why does heat not naturally flow from a cold body to a hot body?
Reasoning: Natural heat flow increases entropy.
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A gas confined in one corner of a container spreads throughout the container because:
Reasoning: Particles naturally move toward states with greater disorder.
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Which statement about entropy is correct?
Reasoning: Entropy describes the number of possible microscopic arrangements.
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The best explanation of “a system tends to become less orderly over time” is:
Reasoning: The second law of thermodynamics explains the natural tendency toward greater disorder.
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