Physics 11th Chap 14 : Topic 9 - Maryam Publications

Physics Chapter 14 : Topic 9

Quark Changes in Beta Decay

1 / 30

During $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay, which quark transformation takes place?

A) Strange quark changes into charm quark

B) Up quark changes into strange quark

C) Up quark changes into down quark

D) Down quark changes into up quark

2 / 30

A neutron changes into a proton during $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay because:

A) A down quark changes into an up quark

B) A quark disappears from the neutron

C) An antiquark is added to the neutron

D) An up quark changes into a down quark

3 / 30

The quark composition of a neutron before $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay is:

A) $\mathbf{ddd}$

B) $\mathbf{udd}$

C) $\mathbf{uud}$

D) $\mathbf{uuu}$

4 / 30

The quark composition of a proton after $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay is:

A) $\mathbf{ddd}$

B) $\mathbf{uud}$

C) $\mathbf{udd}$

D) $\mathbf{uuu}$

5 / 30

Which equation correctly represents the quark change in $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay?

A) $\mathbf{d \rightarrow u +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{-}}\mathbf{+ anti -}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

B) $\mathbf{u \rightarrow s +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{-}}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

C) $\mathbf{d \rightarrow c +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{+}}\mathbf{+ anti -}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

D) $\mathbf{u \rightarrow d +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{+}}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

6 / 30

In $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay, the emitted beta particle is produced when:

A) A down quark changes into an up quark.

B) A proton becomes a neutron without particle emission.

C) An up quark changes into a down quark.

D) A neutron splits into three electrons.

7 / 30

The quark-level process responsible for $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay is:

A) $\mathbf{s\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ c}$

B) $\mathbf{c\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ t}$

C) $\mathbf{d\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ u}$

D) $\mathbf{u\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ d}$

8 / 30

During $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay, a proton changes into:

A) An electron

B) A neutron

C) Another proton

D) An alpha particle

9 / 30

The quark composition of a proton before $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay is:

A) $\mathbf{uud}$

B) $\mathbf{uuu}$

C) $\mathbf{ddd}$

D) $\mathbf{udd}$

10 / 30

The quark composition of a neutron after $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay is:

A) $\mathbf{uuu}$

B) $\mathbf{ddd}$

C) $\mathbf{uud}$

D) $\mathbf{udd}$

11 / 30

Which equation represents $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay at the quark level?

A) $\mathbf{u\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ d +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{+}}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

B) $\mathbf{u\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ s +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{+}}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

C) $\mathbf{d\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ u +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{-}}\mathbf{+ anti -}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

D) $\mathbf{d\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ c +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{-}}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

12 / 30

In $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay, the emitted particle is:

A) Electron

B) Positron

C) Antiproton

D) Neutron

13 / 30

Which transformation increases the atomic number of a nucleus?

A) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay

B) Gamma emission

C) Alpha emission only

D) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay

14 / 30

Which transformation decreases the atomic number of a nucleus?

A) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay

B) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay

C) Gamma emission

D) Neutron emission

15 / 30

A neutron has composition $\mathbf{udd}$. After $\mathbf{\beta ⁻}$ decay, its composition becomes:

A) $\mathbf{ddd}$

B) $\mathbf{udd}$

C) $\mathbf{uuu}$

D) $\mathbf{uud}$

16 / 30

A proton has composition $\mathbf{uud}$. After $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay, its composition becomes:

A) $\mathbf{uuu}$

B) $\mathbf{ddd}$

C) $\mathbf{udd}$

D) $\mathbf{uud}$

17 / 30

Which statement correctly compares $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ and $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay?

A) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$changes $\mathbf{d\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ u}$, while $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ changes $\mathbf{u\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ d}$

B) Both change $\mathbf{u\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ d}$.

C) Both change $\mathbf{d\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ u}$.

D) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$changes $\mathbf{u\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ d}$, while $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ changes $\mathbf{d\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ u}$

18 / 30

The charge change during $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay occurs because:

A) A neutron loses all quarks

B) A photon adds charge to the nucleus

C) A negatively charged down quark becomes a positively charged up quark

D) A proton becomes an electron

19 / 30

Which decay changes a baryon from $\mathbf{uud}$ to $\mathbf{udd}$?

A) Alpha decay

B) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay

C) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay

D) Gamma decay

20 / 30

Which decay changes a baryon from $\mathbf{udd}$ to $\mathbf{uud}$?

A) Neutron emission

B) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay

C) Gamma decay

D) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay

21 / 30

The charge change during $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay occurs because:

A) A neutron gains an electron

B) A proton gains a quark

C) An up quark changes into a down quark

D) A down quark changes into an up quark

22 / 30

In $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay, the particle emitted along with the electron is:

A) Electron antineutrino

B) Electron neutrino

C) Photon

D) Proton

23 / 30

In $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay, the particle emitted along with the positron is:

A) Electron antineutrino

B) Photon

C) Alpha particle

D) Electron neutrino

24 / 30

Which quark transformation occurs inside a neutron during $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay?

A) One of the two down quarks becomes an up quark.

B) All quarks are replaced.

C) A new quark is added.

D) The up quark becomes a down quark.

25 / 30

Which particle changes into another during $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay?

A) Neutron into proton

B) Proton into neutron

C) Electron into positron

D) Photon into electron

26 / 30

The quark process $\mathbf{d}\mathbf{\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ }\mathbf{u}$ increases the particle charge by:

A) $\mathbf{+ \ 2/3\ e}$

B) $\mathbf{+ \ 1e}$

C) $\mathbf{- \ 1e}$

D) $\mathbf{- \ 1/3\ e}$

27 / 30

The quark process $\mathbf{u\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ d}$ decreases the particle charge by:

A) $\mathbf{- \ 1e}$

B) $\mathbf{+ \ 2e}$

C) $\mathbf{+ \ 1e}$

D) Zero

28 / 30

A proton undergoing $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay will have its quark content changed from:

A) $\mathbf{udd\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ uud}$

B) $\mathbf{ddd\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ udd}$

C) $\mathbf{uuu\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ uud}$

D) $\mathbf{uud\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ udd}$

29 / 30

A neutron undergoing $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay will have its quark content changed from:

A) $\mathbf{udd\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ uud}$

B) $\mathbf{uud\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ udd}$

C) $\mathbf{ddd\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ uud}$

D) $\mathbf{uuu\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ udd}$

30 / 30

The fundamental interaction responsible for quark changes in beta decay is:

A) Weak interaction

B) Electromagnetic interaction

C) Strong interaction

D) Gravitational interaction

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