Chapters Chemistry 11th - Maryam Publications

FBISE, NCP & NBF-aligned resources for Classes 9–12

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Chapter 1 – History Of Chemistry

Chapter 2 – Atomic Structure

1. Degenerate Orbitals
2. Subatomic Particle Charges and Masses
3. Atomic and Proton Number
4. Mass and Nucleon Number
5. Particle Beams in Electric Fields
6. Protons, Neutrons and Electrons in Atoms and Ions
7. Atomic and Ionic Radius Trends
8. Electronic Configuration and Valence Electrons
9. Shells, Subshells, Orbitals and Ground State
10. Quantum Numbers and Electron Distribution
11. Orbitals and Electron Capacities
12. Aufbau, Pauli and Hund Rules
13. Subshell Energy Order
14. Electron Distribution in Shells and Orbitals
15. Electron Energy and Inter-Electron Repulsion
16. Electronic Configuration of Atoms and Ions
17. Electronic Configuration in Electronic Materials
18. Shapes of s, p and d Orbitals
19. Free Radicals
20. Ionization Energy and Nuclear Attraction
21. Ionization Energy Trends
22. Successive Ionization Energies
23. Factors Affecting Ionization Energy
24. Electronic Configuration from Ionization Energy
25. Periodic Position from Ionization Energy
26. Mass Spectrometry and Relative Atomic Mass
27. Isotopic Abundance and Relative Atomic Mass
28. Test Yourself – Chapter 2

Chapter 3 – Chemical Bonding

1. Electronegativity
2. Factors Affecting Electronegativity
3. Electronegativity Trends
4. Electronegativity and Bond Type
5. Covalent Bonding and Hybridization
6. Bond Energy, Bond Length and Reactivity
7. VSEPR Theory: Shapes and Bond Angles
8. Predicting Molecular Shapes and Bond Angles
9. Hybridization and Its Types
10. Valence Bond Theory
11. Molecular Orbital Theory
12. Paramagnetic Nature of Oxygen
13. Bond Order of N₂, O₂, F₂ and He₂
14. Van der Waals Forces
15. Hydrogen Bonding
16. Anomalous Properties of Water
17. Bond Polarity and Dipole Moments
18. Chemical Bonds vs Intermolecular Forces
19. Dative Covalent Bond
20. Test Yourself – Chapter 3

Chapter 4 – Stoichiometry

1. Balanced Chemical Equations and Stoichiometric Relationships
2. Limiting Reagents
3. Maximum Product and Excess Reagent
4. Theoretical, Actual and Percentage Yield
5. Molar Volume of Gases at STP
6. Mole–Volume Calculations at STP
7. Gas Molar Mass from Density
8. Mole Conversions: Mass, Volume and Particles
9. Stoichiometric Calculations of Reactants and Products
10. Test Yourself – Chapter 4

Chapter 5 – States and Phases of Matter

1. Types of Intermolecular Forces
2. Strength and Uses of Intermolecular Forces
3. Physical Properties of Liquids
4. Hydrogen Bonding and Water Properties
5. Heat of Fusion and Vaporization
6. Heat of Fusion in Glaciers
7. Amorphous and Crystalline Solids
8. Properties of Crystalline Solids
9. Test Yourself – Chapter 5

Chapter 6 – Energetics

1. Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
2. Reaction Pathway and Activation Energy
3. Standard Enthalpy Terms
4. Bond Breaking and Bond Formation
5. Enthalpy Change from Bond Energies
6. Exact and Approximate Bond Energies
7. Atomization, Lattice Energy and Electron Affinity
8. Applications of Enthalpy Terms
9. Factors Affecting Electron Affinity
10. Born–Haber Cycles
11. Born–Haber Cycle Calculations
12. Ionic Radius, Charge and Lattice Energy
13. Enthalpy of Hydration and Solution
14. Lattice, Hydration and Solution Energy Cycles
15. Energy-Cycle Calculations
16. Ionic Radius and Hydration Enthalpy
17. Entropy
18. Signs of Entropy Changes
19. Entropy Change Calculations
20. Standard Conditions and States
21. Hess’s Law
22. Hess’s Law Calculations
23. Bond Formation and Breaking Energies
24. Gibbs Free Energy
25. Enthalpy and Calorie Content of Food
26. Test Yourself – Chapter 6

Chapter 7 – Chemical Kinetics

1. Rate of Reaction and Rate Constant
2. Reaction Rate from Experimental Data
3. Activation Energy
4. Boltzmann Distribution and Temperature
5. Catalysts and Activation Energy
6. Reaction Pathway with Catalysts
7. Rate Equations and Reaction Orders
8. Rate Constant Calculations
9. Reaction Mechanisms and Rate-Determining Step
10. Temperature and Reaction Rate
11. Test Yourself – Chapter 7

Chapter 8 – Chemical Equilibrium

1. Reversible Reactions and Dynamic Equilibrium
2. Dynamic Equilibrium Between Physical States
3. Conditions for Chemical Equilibrium
4. Microscopic Events at Equilibrium
5. Equilibrium Constant Expressions
6. Equilibrium Expressions and Kp
7. Temperature and Equilibrium Constant
8. Le Chatelier’s Principle
9. Haber and Contact Processes
10. Industrial Chemical Equilibrium
11. Salt Hydrolysis
12. Test Yourself – Chapter 8

Chapter 9 – Acids–Bases Chemistry

1. Conjugate Acid–Base Pairs
2. Identifying Conjugate Acid–Base Pairs
3. Conjugate Pairs in Salt Hydrolysis
4. pH, Ka, pKa and Kw
5. pH of Acids and Alkalis
6. Lewis Acids and Bases
7. pH of Buffer Solutions
8. Solubility Product
9. Solubility Product Expressions
10. Ksp and Ion Concentration Calculations
11. Common Ion Effect
12. Ksp with a Common Ion
13. Salt Hydrolysis
14. Weak Acid Ion Concentration
15. Slightly Soluble Salt Calculations
16. Test Yourself – Chapter 9

Chapter 10 – Periodic Table

1. Arrangement of the Periodic Table
2. s, p, d and f Blocks
3. Period Number and Energy Level
4. Valence Electrons and Periodic Position
5. Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids
6. Periodic Trends in Atomic Properties
7. Metallic and Non-Metallic Character
8. Electronic Configuration and Periodic Position
9. Reactions with Oxygen, Chlorine and Water
10. Oxidation Numbers of Oxides and Chlorides
11. Oxides with Water and pH
12. Acid–Base Behavior of Oxides and Hydroxides
13. Chlorides with Water and pH
14. Bonding and Electronegativity Trends
15. Bonding in Chlorides and Oxides
16. Properties from Chemical Periodicity
17. Identification of Unknown Elements
18. Group 1 and 17 Periodic Trends
19. Test Yourself – Chapter 10

Chapter 11 – Nitrogen and Sulphur

Chapter 12 – Halogens

Chapter 13 – Environmental Chemistry: Air

Chapter 14 – Environmental Chemistry: Water

Chapter 15 – Organic Chemistry

1. Hydrocarbons
2. Alkanes and Functional Groups
3. Functional Groups and Properties
4. Organic Structural Formulae
5. Systematic Organic Nomenclature
6. Molecular and Empirical Formulae
7. Organic Reaction Terminology
8. Catenation
9. Organic Reaction Mechanisms
10. Curly Arrow Mechanisms
11. Planar Organic Molecules
12. Structural Isomerism
13. Test Yourself – Chapter 15

Chapter 16 – Hydrocarbons

1. Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons
2. Nomenclature of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
3. Shapes of Ethane and Cyclopropane
4. Unreactive Nature of Alkanes
5. Homolytic and Heterolytic Fission
6. Free-Radical Substitution
7. Organic Redox Reactions
8. Nomenclature of Alkenes
9. Structure and Bonding of Ethene
10. Structure and Reactivity of Alkenes
11. Preparation of Ethene
12. Reactions of Ethene and Alkenes
13. Conjugation in Alkenes
14. IUPAC Naming of Alkenes
15. Electrophilic Addition
16. Carbocation Stability and Markovnikov Addition
17. Test Yourself – Chapter 16