Physics 11th Chap 14 : Topic 9 - Maryam Publications

Physics Chapter 14 : Topic 9

Quark Changes in Beta Decay

1 / 30

During $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay, which quark transformation takes place?

A) Strange quark changes into charm quark

B) Up quark changes into strange quark

C) Down quark changes into up quark

D) Up quark changes into down quark

2 / 30

A neutron changes into a proton during $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay because:

A) A quark disappears from the neutron

B) An up quark changes into a down quark

C) A down quark changes into an up quark

D) An antiquark is added to the neutron

3 / 30

The quark composition of a neutron before $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay is:

A) $\mathbf{udd}$

B) $\mathbf{uud}$

C) $\mathbf{ddd}$

D) $\mathbf{uuu}$

4 / 30

The quark composition of a proton after $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay is:

A) $\mathbf{udd}$

B) $\mathbf{uud}$

C) $\mathbf{ddd}$

D) $\mathbf{uuu}$

5 / 30

Which equation correctly represents the quark change in $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay?

A) $\mathbf{d \rightarrow u +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{-}}\mathbf{+ anti -}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

B) $\mathbf{d \rightarrow c +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{+}}\mathbf{+ anti -}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

C) $\mathbf{u \rightarrow s +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{-}}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

D) $\mathbf{u \rightarrow d +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{+}}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

6 / 30

In $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay, the emitted beta particle is produced when:

A) An up quark changes into a down quark.

B) A proton becomes a neutron without particle emission.

C) A down quark changes into an up quark.

D) A neutron splits into three electrons.

7 / 30

The quark-level process responsible for $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay is:

A) $\mathbf{s\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ c}$

B) $\mathbf{d\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ u}$

C) $\mathbf{c\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ t}$

D) $\mathbf{u\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ d}$

8 / 30

During $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay, a proton changes into:

A) A neutron

B) Another proton

C) An electron

D) An alpha particle

9 / 30

The quark composition of a proton before $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay is:

A) $\mathbf{ddd}$

B) $\mathbf{udd}$

C) $\mathbf{uud}$

D) $\mathbf{uuu}$

10 / 30

The quark composition of a neutron after $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay is:

A) $\mathbf{ddd}$

B) $\mathbf{udd}$

C) $\mathbf{uud}$

D) $\mathbf{uuu}$

11 / 30

Which equation represents $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay at the quark level?

A) $\mathbf{u\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ s +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{+}}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

B) $\mathbf{d\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ u +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{-}}\mathbf{+ anti -}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

C) $\mathbf{u\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ d +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{+}}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

D) $\mathbf{d\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ c +}\mathbf{e}^{\mathbf{-}}\mathbf{+}\mathbf{\nu}_{\mathbf{e}}$

12 / 30

In $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay, the emitted particle is:

A) Neutron

B) Antiproton

C) Electron

D) Positron

13 / 30

Which transformation increases the atomic number of a nucleus?

A) Alpha emission only

B) Gamma emission

C) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay

D) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay

14 / 30

Which transformation decreases the atomic number of a nucleus?

A) Gamma emission

B) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay

C) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay

D) Neutron emission

15 / 30

A neutron has composition $\mathbf{udd}$. After $\mathbf{\beta ⁻}$ decay, its composition becomes:

A) $\mathbf{uud}$

B) $\mathbf{uuu}$

C) $\mathbf{udd}$

D) $\mathbf{ddd}$

16 / 30

A proton has composition $\mathbf{uud}$. After $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay, its composition becomes:

A) $\mathbf{uud}$

B) $\mathbf{ddd}$

C) $\mathbf{uuu}$

D) $\mathbf{udd}$

17 / 30

Which statement correctly compares $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ and $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay?

A) Both change $\mathbf{u\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ d}$.

B) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$changes $\mathbf{d\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ u}$, while $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ changes $\mathbf{u\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ d}$

C) Both change $\mathbf{d\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ u}$.

D) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$changes $\mathbf{u\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ d}$, while $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ changes $\mathbf{d\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ u}$

18 / 30

The charge change during $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay occurs because:

A) A proton becomes an electron

B) A neutron loses all quarks

C) A negatively charged down quark becomes a positively charged up quark

D) A photon adds charge to the nucleus

19 / 30

Which decay changes a baryon from $\mathbf{uud}$ to $\mathbf{udd}$?

A) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay

B) Gamma decay

C) Alpha decay

D) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay

20 / 30

Which decay changes a baryon from $\mathbf{udd}$ to $\mathbf{uud}$?

A) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay

B) Gamma decay

C) $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay

D) Neutron emission

21 / 30

The charge change during $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay occurs because:

A) A down quark changes into an up quark

B) A neutron gains an electron

C) An up quark changes into a down quark

D) A proton gains a quark

22 / 30

In $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay, the particle emitted along with the electron is:

A) Photon

B) Electron neutrino

C) Electron antineutrino

D) Proton

23 / 30

In $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay, the particle emitted along with the positron is:

A) Electron antineutrino

B) Photon

C) Electron neutrino

D) Alpha particle

24 / 30

Which quark transformation occurs inside a neutron during $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay?

A) One of the two down quarks becomes an up quark.

B) A new quark is added.

C) The up quark becomes a down quark.

D) All quarks are replaced.

25 / 30

Which particle changes into another during $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay?

A) Electron into positron

B) Neutron into proton

C) Proton into neutron

D) Photon into electron

26 / 30

The quark process $\mathbf{d}\mathbf{\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ }\mathbf{u}$ increases the particle charge by:

A) $\mathbf{+ \ 1e}$

B) $\mathbf{- \ 1/3\ e}$

C) $\mathbf{+ \ 2/3\ e}$

D) $\mathbf{- \ 1e}$

27 / 30

The quark process $\mathbf{u\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ d}$ decreases the particle charge by:

A) $\mathbf{+ \ 1e}$

B) $\mathbf{- \ 1e}$

C) Zero

D) $\mathbf{+ \ 2e}$

28 / 30

A proton undergoing $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{+}}$ decay will have its quark content changed from:

A) $\mathbf{ddd\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ udd}$

B) $\mathbf{uuu\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ uud}$

C) $\mathbf{udd\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ uud}$

D) $\mathbf{uud\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ udd}$

29 / 30

A neutron undergoing $\mathbf{\beta}^{\mathbf{-}}$ decay will have its quark content changed from:

A) $\mathbf{uud\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ udd}$

B) $\mathbf{uuu\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ udd}$

C) $\mathbf{udd\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ uud}$

D) $\mathbf{ddd\ }\overset{\mathbf{\ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ }}{\rightarrow}\mathbf{\ uud}$

30 / 30

The fundamental interaction responsible for quark changes in beta decay is:

A) Electromagnetic interaction

B) Weak interaction

C) Gravitational interaction

D) Strong interaction

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