Physics 11th Chap 8 : Topic 18 - Maryam Publications

Physics Chapter 8 : Topic 18

Temperature and Disorder

1 / 30

According to thermodynamics, an increase in temperature generally causes:

A) Decrease in particle motion

B) Increase in disorder of the system

C) Complete arrangement of particles

D) Decrease in entropy always

2 / 30

The measure of disorder in a thermodynamic system is called:

A) Entropy

B) Internal energy

C) Pressure

D) Temperature

3 / 30

When temperature of a gas increases, its molecules:

A) Become perfectly arranged

B) Lose kinetic energy

C) Move faster and become more randomly distributed

D) Stop moving

4 / 30

An increase in temperature increases entropy because:

A) The number of particles decreases

B) Particles lose all energy

C) Particles gain more freedom of motion

D) Molecules become fixed in position

5 / 30

In a solid, increasing temperature causes:

A) Particles to stop vibrating

B) Particles to vibrate more strongly

C) Complete loss of internal energy

D) Perfect order of molecules

6 / 30

When a solid melts into a liquid, the disorder:

A) Decreases

B) Becomes independent of temperature

C) Remains zero

D) Increases

7 / 30

Which state of matter generally has the greatest disorder?

A) Gas

B) Liquid

C) Solid

D) Crystal

8 / 30

Increasing temperature of a gas at constant volume results in:

A) Complete molecular arrangement

B) Less random particle motion

C) Greater molecular kinetic energy and disorder

D) Zero entropy

9 / 30

Entropy increases when:

A) Energy becomes more spread out among particles

B) Molecular motion decreases

C) Particles become more organized

D) Temperature decreases

10 / 30

A hot gas has greater disorder than a cold gas because:

A) Its pressure is always zero.

B) Its particles are heavier.

C) It contains fewer molecules.

D) Its particles have higher average kinetic energy.

11 / 30

Temperature is related to:

A) Number of particles only

B) Average kinetic energy of particles

C) Shape of the container

D) Total mass of particles

12 / 30

When heat is supplied to a system, the particles:

A) Lose all motion

B) Usually gain energy and move more randomly

C) Stop interacting

D) Become perfectly ordered

13 / 30

A rise in temperature of an ideal gas causes entropy to:

A) Increase

B) Decrease

C) Become zero

D) Remain constant always

14 / 30

Which change produces the greatest increase in disorder?

A) Gas changing into liquid

B) Liquid changing into solid

C) Solid changing into gas

D) Cooling a gas

15 / 30

Heating a substance without changing its state usually:

A) Reduces entropy

B) Increases molecular motion

C) Stops molecular vibrations

D) Decreases particle energy

16 / 30

The second law of thermodynamics states that entropy of an isolated system:

A) is destroyed

B) becomes zero

C) increases or remains constant

D) always decreases

17 / 30

A spontaneous process usually occurs in the direction of:

A) Increasing entropy

B) Increasing order

C) Decreasing temperature only

D) Decreasing disorder

18 / 30

Heat transfer from a hot body to a cold body increases disorder because:

A) Temperature becomes infinite

B) Energy disappears

C) Particles stop moving

D) Energy becomes more evenly distributed

19 / 30

Which process decreases the disorder of a system?

A) Free expansion of gas

B) Melting of ice

C) Freezing of water

D) Diffusion of gases

20 / 30

The entropy of a system increases when:

A) Energy becomes concentrated.

B) Particles become fixed.

C) The number of possible arrangements increases.

D) Temperature decreases always.

21 / 30

During evaporation of a liquid:

A) Entropy decreases

B) Particles become fixed

C) Molecules gain freedom of movement

D) Disorder decreases

22 / 30

During condensation of a gas:

A) Disorder increases

B) Temperature must become infinite

C) Entropy becomes maximum

D) Disorder decreases

23 / 30

Melting requires energy because:

A) Disorder decreases completely

B) Mass increases

C) Particles need energy to overcome intermolecular forces

D) Particles stop moving

24 / 30

Which substance has the highest entropy?

A) Water at $\mathbf{0}^{\mathbf{o}}\mathbf{C}$

B) Solid metal

C) Steam at $\mathbf{100}^{\mathbf{o}}\mathbf{C}$

D) Ice at $\mathbf{0}^{\mathbf{o}}\mathbf{C}$

25 / 30

Increasing the temperature of a solid increases entropy because:

A) Particles become motionless

B) Solid becomes more ordered

C) Internal energy decreases

D) Vibrations of particles increase

26 / 30

Perfume spreads faster in a warm room because:

A) Molecules become heavier.

B) Temperature has no effect.

C) Molecules move faster and diffuse more rapidly.

D) Entropy decreases.

27 / 30

A heated gas occupies more volume because:

A) Molecules become larger

B) Number of molecules increases

C) Faster-moving particles spread farther apart

D) Disorder decreases

28 / 30

A system with high temperature generally has:

A) Perfect order

B) Greater number of possible microscopic arrangements

C) Zero entropy

D) Lower molecular randomness

29 / 30

Why does a gas have more entropy than a liquid?

A) Gas has fewer molecules.

B) Gas has no energy.

C) Gas particles have greater freedom of movement.

D) Gas particles are larger.

30 / 30

The best explanation for the relationship between temperature and disorder is:

A) Higher temperature reduces particle motion.

B) Temperature has no effect on disorder.

C) Heating always creates order.

D) Higher temperature increases particle energy, producing more random motion and greater entropy.

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