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Physics Chapter 3 : Topic 4
Elastic Collisions
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Which quantity is always conserved in an elastic collision?
Reasoning: In an elastic collision, both linear momentum and total kinetic energy remain conserved.
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Which statement best defines an elastic collision?
Reasoning: Conservation of both momentum and kinetic energy is the defining feature of elastic collisions.
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In a one-dimensional elastic collision, the relative speed of approach is:
Reasoning: For elastic collisions, relative speed of approach $\mathbf{=}$ relative speed of separation.
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Two identical balls collide elastically. One is initially at rest. What happens after collision?
Reasoning: For equal masses in a perfectly elastic head-on collision, velocities are exchanged.
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A collision is elastic if:
Reasoning: Both conditions must be satisfied simultaneously.
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If kinetic energy decreases after collision, the collision is:
Reasoning: Loss of kinetic energy indicates an inelastic collision.
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Which physical quantity can change for each individual object during an elastic collision?
Reasoning: Individual velocities may change, while system momentum and kinetic energy remain conserved.
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Two identical balls approach each other with equal speeds and collide elastically. After collision they:
Reasoning: Identical masses exchange velocities; since speeds are equal and opposite, they simply reverse directions.
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During an elastic collision, the force between colliding bodies is:
Reasoning: Newton’s Third Law applies during collision.
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Which law guarantees conservation of momentum during collision?
Reasoning: Equal and opposite internal forces ensure momentum conservation.
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A moving ball collides elastically with a wall. If the speed before collision is $\mathbf{8\ m/s}$, its speed after collision is:
Reasoning: In a perfectly elastic collision with a rigid wall, speed remains unchanged while direction reverses.
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In an elastic collision, kinetic energy is conserved because:
Reasoning: Total mechanical kinetic energy remains unchanged.
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Relative speed of approach is calculated using:
Reasoning: Relative speed depends on how fast objects approach each other relative to one another.
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If two bodies move toward each other with speeds $\mathbf{6\ m/s}$ and $\mathbf{4\ }\mathbf{m/s}$, the relative speed of approach is:
Reasoning: Relative speed $\mathbf{= 6 + 4 = 10\ m/s}$
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Which statement best summarizes elastic collisions?
Reasoning: Kinetic energy and momentum remain conserved
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Which graph best represents total kinetic energy before and after an elastic collision?
Reasoning: Total kinetic energy remains constant.
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Two equal masses collide elastically head-on. One moves at $\mathbf{5\ m/s}$ while the other is at rest. After collision, the first mass has speed:
Reasoning: Velocities exchange; the first mass stops.
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In an elastic collision between unequal masses, which quantity remains unchanged for the system?
Reasoning: Conservation laws apply to the system, not necessarily to individual bodies.
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Why do billiard balls approximately undergo elastic collisions?
Reasoning: Billiard balls are designed to minimize energy loss.
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Which collision is closest to perfectly elastic?
Reasoning: Hard steel balls lose very little kinetic energy.
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If total momentum is conserved but kinetic energy is not, the collision is:
Reasoning: Momentum conservation alone is insufficient for elasticity.
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During an elastic collision, kinetic energy may temporarily:
Reasoning: Bodies deform briefly, storing energy elastically.
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A $\mathbf{2\ kg}$ object moving at $\mathbf{4\ m/s}$ collides elastically with a stationary object of equal mass. The speed of the second object after collision is:
Reasoning: Equal masses exchange velocities.
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Which statement is FALSE for an elastic collision?
Reasoning: Elastic collisions can occur between unequal masses.
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Two objects move in the same direction with speeds $\mathbf{10\ m/s}$ and $\mathbf{4\ m/s}$ before collision. Their relative speed of approach is:
Reasoning: Relative speed $\mathbf{= 10 - 4 = 6\ m/s}$
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If the relative speed of separation is less than the relative speed of approach, the collision is:
Reasoning: Equality occurs only in elastic collisions.
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In a perfectly elastic collision, coefficient of restitution is:
Reasoning: Relative speed of separation equals approach speed, giving $\mathbf{e = 1}$.
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Which conservation law alone cannot determine whether a collision is elastic?
Reasoning: Momentum is conserved in both elastic and inelastic collisions.
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Two bodies collide elastically. Which quantity may change sign after collision?
Reasoning: Velocity may reverse direction, changing sign.
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When a rubber ball rebounds nearly to its original height, the collision is approximately:
Reasoning: Rebounding to nearly the same height indicates little kinetic energy loss.
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If a moving object strikes a massive stationary wall elastically, the wall’s speed after collision is approximately:
Reasoning: The wall’s huge mass makes its velocity change negligible.
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Which pair of quantities must be checked to confirm a collision is elastic?
Reasoning: Elastic collisions conserve both momentum and kinetic energy.
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Two identical carts move toward each other at $\mathbf{3\ m/s}$ each and collide elastically. After collision, the speed of each cart is:
Reasoning: They exchange velocities, effectively reversing directions with unchanged speeds.
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Which statement explains why kinetic energy is conserved in elastic collisions?
Reasoning: Elastic collisions involve negligible conversion of kinetic energy into other forms.
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The relation $\mathbf{v}_{\mathbf{1}}\mathbf{-}\mathbf{v}_{\mathbf{2}}\mathbf{= - \ (}\mathbf{u}_{\mathbf{1}}\mathbf{-}\mathbf{u}_{\mathbf{2}}\mathbf{)}$ represents:
Reasoning: This is the standard equation for one-dimensional elastic collisions.
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