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Chemistry Chapter 3 : Topic 19
Isotopic Abundance and Atomic Mass
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An element X exists in nature as two isotopes: X-10 (20% abundance) and X-11 (80% abundance). A student calculates its relative atomic mass to understand why the periodic table does not show whole numbers for most elements. What will be the correct relative atomic mass of element X-10?
Reasoning: Relative atomic mass =(10×20 / 100 )+(11×80 / 100)=2+8.8=10.8
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A naturally occurring element has isotopes with masses 35 and 37. If the average atomic mass is closer to 35 than 37, what does this indicate about its isotopic composition?
Reasoning: Average mass is closer to 35, meaning isotope 35 has higher abundance.
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An element has two isotopes: A-24 and A-26. The relative atomic mass is found to be 24.5. Which statement correctly explains this value?
Reasoning: Since average is closer to 24, A-24 must be more abundant.
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A chemist calculates the relative atomic mass of an element using isotopic data. Why is this value usually not a whole number?
Reasoning: Relative atomic mass is weighted average of isotopes with different abundances.
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Element Y has isotopes Y-12 (75%) and Y-13 (25%). A student mistakenly calculates the atomic mass by simple averaging: (12+13) / 2=12.5. Why is this incorrect?
Reasoning: Correct method uses weighted average, not simple average
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A sample contains two isotopes of chlorine: Cl-35 (75%)and Cl-37 (25%). What is the correct relative atomic mass?
Reasoning: (35×0.75)+(37×0.25)=26.25+9.25=35.5
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Which statement best describes the concept of relative atomic mass in terms of real-world samples?
Reasoning: It accounts for all isotopes based on natural abundance.
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An element has isotopes with masses 50 and 52. If the relative atomic mass is 50.2, what can be inferred?
Reasoning: Value closer to 50 shows isotope 50 dominates.
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A student argues that isotopic abundance does not affect periodic table values. Which correction is scientifically accurate?
Reasoning: Atomic mass values are weighted averages based on isotope abundance.
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If an element has a dominant isotope of mass 100 with 99% abundance, and another isotope of mass 102 with 1% abundance, what will the relative atomic mass be closest to?
Reasoning: Dominant isotope strongly influences weighted average.
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Why do chemists use relative atomic mass instead of mass number for calculations involving elements in reactions?
Reasoning: It represents realistic average atomic behavior in nature.
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An element shows three isotopes with varying abundances. Which mathematical method is used to determine its relative atomic mass?
Reasoning: Each isotope contributes proportionally to its natural abundance.
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