FBISE, NCP & NBF-aligned resources for Classes 9–12
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Computer Chapter 1 : Topic 1.2
Basic Concepts and Types of Systems
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A school uses students, teachers, computers, and procedures together to produce examination results accurately and efficiently. What best describes this arrangement?
Reasoning: A system consists of interconnected components working together to achieve a common objective.
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A computer receives data from input devices, processes it, and then displays meaningful information to users. Which characteristic of a system is demonstrated?
Reasoning: Every system generally follows the input, processing, and output sequence to accomplish tasks.
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Which situation best represents a system where different components cooperate to achieve a common goal rather than work independently?
Reasoning: System components must interact and cooperate toward a shared objective.
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A system fails to achieve its objective because one of its major components stops functioning correctly. What does this indicate?
Reasoning: Components within a system depend on one another to perform effectively.
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In a computer-based system, what is the primary purpose of processing after data has been entered?
Reasoning: Processing transforms raw data into useful information.
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A traffic control system receives vehicle data and adjusts traffic lights accordingly. The adjustment of signals is an example of:
Reasoning: Actions performed after processing are outputs of the system.
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A company collects customer orders, processes them, and delivers products. Which part of this activity represents input?
Reasoning: Input refers to data or resources entering the system.
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Which statement best explains why systems are designed with a specific objective?
Reasoning: Systems are developed to accomplish specific goals effectively.
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A system that exchanges information, materials, or energy with its surrounding environment is known as:
Reasoning: Open systems interact with their environment.
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A computer connected to the internet continuously sends and receives data from external sources. This computer is functioning as:
Reasoning: Interaction with external entities makes it an open system.
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Which of the following best represents a closed system in terms of interaction with the external environment?
Reasoning: A closed system has little or no interaction with its surroundings.
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A payroll system receives employee attendance data every month before calculating salaries. This characteristic suggests that the system is:
Reasoning: Receiving external data indicates interaction with the environment.
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Which feature distinguishes an open system from a closed system most effectively?
Reasoning: The key difference is whether the system exchanges information or resources externally.
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A manufacturing unit regularly receives raw materials and sends finished products to customers. It is classified as:
Reasoning: The system continuously interacts with its environment.
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Why is feedback considered important in many systems after output has been produced?
Reasoning: Feedback allows a system to assess results and make improvements.
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A school management system generates incorrect fee reports. Administrators review the reports and correct the data entry process. This correction is based on:
Reasoning: Feedback is used to identify and correct errors.
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Which of the following combinations correctly represents the basic components of a system?
Reasoning: The fundamental structure of a system is input, processing, and output.
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If a system receives correct input but produces incorrect output, the most likely issue exists in:
Reasoning: Incorrect processing can lead to wrong results despite correct input.
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A weather forecasting system gathers atmospheric data, analyzes it, and predicts future weather conditions. What is the main purpose of processing here?
Reasoning: Processing transforms collected data into meaningful forecasts.
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Which statement about system components is most accurate?
Reasoning: Cooperation among components is essential for a system to function.
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An organization wants a system that continuously interacts with customers and suppliers. Which type of system should be used?
Reasoning: Open systems are designed to exchange information and resources externally.
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A closed system generally has fewer interactions with the environment. What is the main consequence of this characteristic?
Reasoning: Closed systems are characterized by minimal external interaction.
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Which example best demonstrates the concept of feedback in a computer-based system?
Reasoning: Feedback involves evaluating outputs and improving future performance.
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A system is said to be effective when it:
Reasoning: The primary purpose of any system is to achieve its goal successfully.
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A hospital information system receives patient records, processes medical data, and generates treatment reports. Which statement best describes this system?
Reasoning: A system is an organized collection of interrelated components working together to achieve specific objectives.
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When comparing open and closed systems, which statement is correct?
Reasoning: Interaction with the environment is the primary distinction between open and closed systems.
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A student enters examination marks into software, which calculates grades and displays results. The displayed grades are considered:
Reasoning: Information produced after processing is called output.
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Which situation would most likely convert a closed system into an open system?
Reasoning: Interaction with the external environment makes a system open.
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Why are systems often divided into input, processing, and output stages?
Reasoning: Dividing systems into stages helps analyze and manage their functions effectively.
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A banking application receives transaction requests, processes account balances, and sends updated statements to customers. This entire arrangement is best classified as:
Reasoning: The coordinated activities work together to achieve the objective of managing banking operations.
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