FBISE, NCP & NBF-aligned resources for Classes 9–12
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Physics Chapter 1 (Topic 12 : Errors)
Critique and analyze experiments for sources of error [including identifying sources of systematic and random error in measurements and suggesting steps to correct them]
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Which type of error affects all readings in the same direction?
Reasoning: Systematic errors shift all measurements consistently either high or low.
2 / 32
Which error occurs due to faulty calibration of an instrument?
Reasoning: Incorrect calibration produces consistent bias in readings.
3 / 32
Random errors are mainly caused by:
Reasoning: Random errors arise from unpredictable human or environmental variations.
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Which of the following is an example of systematic error?
Reasoning: Zero error shifts all readings consistently.
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Parallax error occurs when:
Reasoning: Incorrect viewing angle causes misreading of scale.
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Which method reduces random error?
Reasoning: Averaging reduces random fluctuations.
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Systematic errors can be reduced by:
Reasoning: Calibration corrects consistent bias in instruments.
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Which error cannot be eliminated by averaging?
Reasoning: Systematic error affects all readings equally.
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If all measurements are consistently higher than actual value, it is:
Reasoning: Consistent deviation indicates systematic error.
10 / 32
Human reaction time error is classified as:
Reasoning: Reaction time varies unpredictably.
11 / 32
Which is the best way to improve experimental accuracy?
Reasoning: Both calibration and repetition improve accuracy.
12 / 32
Zero error in measuring cylinder affects:
Reasoning: It shifts every reading by a fixed amount.
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Random errors are best described as:
Reasoning: Random errors vary unpredictably in magnitude and direction.
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Which action increases accuracy in measurement?
Reasoning: Correct viewing reduces reading errors.
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A misaligned measuring scale leads to:
Reasoning: Misalignment causes consistent bias in readings.
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Which error can be reduced by increasing number of observations?
Reasoning: Repetition averages out random variations.
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Which of the following is NOT a source of experimental error?
Reasoning: Perfect calibration does not cause error.
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If a stopwatch consistently starts late, this causes:
Reasoning: Consistent delay shifts all results.
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Which step reduces systematic error in length measurement?
Reasoning: Calibration corrects fixed deviations.
20 / 32
Random error mainly affects:
Reasoning: Random error reduces precision, not correctness trend.
21 / 32
A well-designed experiment should minimize:
Reasoning: Both errors affect accuracy and precision.
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Which error is due to environmental changes like temperature fluctuations?
Reasoning: Environmental factors vary unpredictably.
23 / 32
Incorrect scale marking leads to:
Reasoning: Faulty scale produces consistent bias.
24 / 32
Which is a correct correction for parallax error?
Reasoning: Proper viewing angle removes parallax.
25 / 32
Systematic error affects measurement by:
Reasoning: It introduces consistent offset.
26 / 32
Why is averaging ineffective against systematic error?
Reasoning: Systematic error remains same in all readings.
27 / 32
Which of the following improves experimental reliability?
Reasoning: Repetition improves consistency.
28 / 32
A common source of error in lab is:
Reasoning: Human observation often introduces errors.
29 / 32
If both systematic and random errors exist, first priority is to remove:
Reasoning: Systematic error biases all results.
30 / 32
Which statement is correct?
Reasoning: Proper technique minimizes both types of errors.
31 / 32
A poorly maintained instrument leads to:
Reasoning: Faulty instruments produce consistent deviations.
32 / 32
The best experimental practice is to:
Reasoning: Good experiments focus on error reduction.
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